Consideration of Noninvasive Hemodynamic Monitoring to
Target Reduction of Blood Pressure Levels
: The CONTROL Trial


High BP develops and perpetuates through abnormal hemodynamics including elevated cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, and/or fluid volume.

In the CONTROL multicenter trial, hypertensive patients were randomized to a standard-care arm or ICG-care arm that used hemodynamics to individualize antihypertensive treatment.1 Compared to the standard-care arm over a 3 month period, the ICG-care arm achieved:

  • 8/7 mm Hg greater BP reduction
  • Greater attainment of goal BP<140/90 mm Hg (77% vs 57%) and aggressive goal BP<130/85 mm Hg (55% vs 27%)
  • 44% lower cost for each mm Hg of reduces systolic BP and 71% lower cost for each mm Hg of reduced diastolic BP2

Using ICG to individualize treatment in your hypertensive patients may lead to better and more cost-effective BP control.


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Free download: CONTROL original paper
Note: Hypertension requires a quick plug-in download to view this PDF file

1Smith RD, Levy P, Ferrario CM. Value of noninvasive hemodynamics to achieve blood pressure
control in hypertensive subjects. Hypertension. 2006;47:769-775.


Free download: Editorial accompanying the CONTROL original paper
Note: Hypertension requires a quick plug-in download to view this PDF file

Flack JM. Noninvasive hemodynamic measurements: An important advance in individualizing
drug therapies for hypertensive patients
. Hypertension. 2006;47:769-775.


Free download: Cost-Effectiveness analysis based on the CONTROL results
Note: Am Heart Hosp J requires a quick plug-in download to view this PDF file

2Ferrario C, Smith R: for the CONTROL Trial Investigators. Cost-Effectiveness of Impedance
Cardiography Testing in Uncontrolled Hypertension. Am Heart Hosp J. 2006;4:279-289.


Free download: Resistant Hypertension Trial

Taler SJ, Textor SC, Augustine JE. Resistant hypertension: comparing hemodynamic
management to specialist care. Hypertension. 2002;39:982-988.

PowerPoint Slide Set